Mutual learning among civilizations

Mutual learning among civilizations means that different civilizations, following different paths and at different development levels, learn from each other and draw on the strengths of each other, to achieve common improvement. 

Exchanges and mutual learning sustain civilizations, and such exchanges and mutual learning should be reciprocal, equal-footed, diversified and multidimensional; they should not be coercive, imposed, one-dimensional or one-way. Countries must be broad-minded and strive to remove all barriers to cultural exchanges and they must be inclusive and always seek nourishment from other civilizations to promote common development of civilizations through exchanges and mutual learning.

In his keynote speech at the opening of the Second Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, in April 2018, Xi Jinping reiterated the importance of mutual learning among civilizations. He said: We need to build bridges for exchanges and mutual learning among cultures, expand cooperation in education, science, culture, sports, tourism, health and archeology, and strengthen exchanges between parliaments, political parties, NGOs, women, young people and people with disabilities in order to facilitate multifaceted people-to-people exchanges.

互學(xué)互鑒

互學(xué)互鑒是指在尊重文明多樣性、道路多樣化和發(fā)展水平不平衡等差異的基礎(chǔ)上相互學(xué)習(xí)、相互借鑒，取長補短、共同提高。交流互鑒是文明發(fā)展的本質(zhì)要求，文明交流互鑒應(yīng)該是對等的、平等的，多元的、多向的，而不應(yīng)該是強制的、強迫的，單一的、單向的。各國應(yīng)該以寬廣的胸懷打破文化交往的壁壘，以兼收并蓄的態(tài)度汲取其他文明的養(yǎng)分，促進文明在交流互鑒中共同前進。

2019年4月，習(xí)近平在第二屆“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇開幕式上的主旨演講中強調(diào)了加強文明互學(xué)互鑒的重要性。他指出，我們要積極架設(shè)不同文明互學(xué)互鑒的橋梁，深入開展教育、科學(xué)、文化、體育、旅游、衛(wèi)生、考古等各領(lǐng)域人文合作，加強議會、政黨、民間組織往來，密切婦女、青年、殘疾人等群體交流，形成多元互動的人文交流格局。