城鄉(xiāng)建設用地增減掛鉤

城鄉(xiāng)建設用地增減掛鉤是土地利用的一大政策工具。這項政策在促進節(jié)約集約用地和城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)籌發(fā)展中發(fā)揮了重要作用。所謂城鄉(xiāng)建設用地增減掛鉤，是指依據(jù)土地利用總體規(guī)劃，將若干擬整理復墾為耕地的農(nóng)村建設用地地塊(即拆舊地塊)和擬用于城鎮(zhèn)建設的地塊(即新建地塊)等面積共同組成建新拆舊項目區(qū)(以下簡稱項目區(qū))，通過建新拆舊和土地整理復墾等措施，在保證項目區(qū)內(nèi)各類土地面積平衡的基礎上，最終實現(xiàn)增加耕地有效面積，提高耕地質(zhì)量，節(jié)約集約利用建設用地，更合理布局城鄉(xiāng)用地的目標。

近年來，為支持扶貧開發(fā)，增減掛鉤政策先后兩次拓展范圍，允許集中連片特困地區(qū)、國家級貧困縣，以及省級貧困縣的節(jié)余指標在省域內(nèi)流轉(zhuǎn)使用，這為貧困地區(qū)脫貧攻堅拓展了資金來源，有力推動了農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治，促進了城鄉(xiāng)公共服務均等化和區(qū)域均衡發(fā)展。

Exchanging Newly Added Cropland Quotas with the Land for Construction

China has created a policy tool that links newly added cropland quotas with the amount of land used for urban and rural construction. This helps support efficient use of land and integrated urban-rural development.

According to the overall plan on land use, the total area of the plots of land previously used for rural construction and now re-designated for farming and that of the land to be used for urban construction will be kept in balance, so as to ensure additional arable land with improved soil, efficient usage of construction land, and a rational configuration of urban and rural land.

In recent years, this policy has twice expanded in scope, and now allows the surplus quotas produced by the contiguous areas of extreme poverty, priority counties in national poverty alleviation, and provincial poor counties to be adjusted across provinces. The profits will be used to fight poverty and improve the rural living environment, equalize urban-rural access to public services, and balance regional development.