易地搬遷扶貧

易地搬遷是“五個(gè)一批”精準(zhǔn)脫貧的重要內(nèi)容，是中共中央發(fā)出脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)總動(dòng)員后的第一仗，也是中國打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)的重要內(nèi)容?！吨泄仓醒?國務(wù)院關(guān)于打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)的決定》提出，實(shí)施易地搬遷脫貧，對居住在生存條件惡劣、生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱、自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā)等地區(qū)的農(nóng)村貧困人口，加快實(shí)施易地扶貧搬遷工程。

易地搬遷屬于生態(tài)扶貧和綠色減貧的范疇，其主要原因就是易地搬遷應(yīng)遵循自然規(guī)律與經(jīng)濟(jì)規(guī)律，對于生態(tài)環(huán)境較差的地區(qū)，實(shí)施保護(hù)型減貧策略，通過搬遷、因地制宜確定安置方式來改善貧困人口的客觀生存環(huán)境，有效緩解扶貧開發(fā)造成的環(huán)境破壞，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。根據(jù)規(guī)劃，“十三五”時(shí)期中國將對約1000萬建檔立卡貧困人口實(shí)施易地扶貧搬遷。截至2019年年末，易地扶貧搬遷建設(shè)任務(wù)基本完成。

Relocation of Rural Poor for Poverty Alleviation

Relocating those living under adverse natural conditions is one of China's five targeted measures in battling poverty. The Decision on Winning the Battle Against Poverty provides special plans on accelerating the relocation of rural poor who live under unfavorable natural conditions, in fragile eco-environments, or in areas suffering frequent disasters.

This relocation is a green pathway as it follows the natural rules and dynamics of the economy. For areas with fragile eco-environments, conservation is a wise tactic to avoid further damage caused by development while improving the living conditions of the poor by removing them to better locations. This can effectively promote local sustainable economic and social development.

China planned to relocate 10 million people registered as living below the poverty line during the 13th Five-year Plan period (2016-2020). By the end of 2019, it had roughly completed this task.