兩不愁三保障

習(xí)近平指出，到2020年穩(wěn)定實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村貧困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療、住房安全有保障，是貧困人口脫貧的基本要求和核心指標(biāo)，直接關(guān)系攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)質(zhì)量。

“兩不愁”是要穩(wěn)定解決農(nóng)村貧困人口的溫飽問題。與過去“有吃、有穿”的要求相比，現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還可滿足健康生存需要的熱量和蛋白質(zhì)需求，做到貧困人口“吃飽，適當(dāng)吃好”。

“三保障”是要提高農(nóng)村人口的發(fā)展和抗風(fēng)險能力，為穩(wěn)定解決溫飽創(chuàng)造條件。實(shí)現(xiàn)義務(wù)教育有保障主要是讓貧困家庭義務(wù)教育階段的孩子不失學(xué)；實(shí)現(xiàn)基本醫(yī)療有保障主要是所有貧困人口都參加醫(yī)療保險制度，常見病、慢性病有地方看、看得起，得了大病、重病后基本生活過得去；住房安全有保障，主要是讓貧困人口不住危房。此外，還要保障飲水安全，讓農(nóng)村人口喝上放心水。

“兩不愁三保障”具有穩(wěn)定性含義。教育、健康、住房都是管長遠(yuǎn)的，實(shí)現(xiàn)“三保障”意味著奠定了穩(wěn)定的脫貧機(jī)制。

Two Assurances and Three Guarantees

China's poverty relief goals are as follows: by 2020, the rural poor will be assured of adequate food and clothing, and guaranteed access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing. These are better known in China as "two assurances and three guarantees." They are the basic requirements and the core evaluation metrics on which victory in the battle against poverty is directly dependent.

The "two assurances" will resolve the problems of food and clothing for impoverished rural people. Compared with the previous goal of meeting people's basic needs for food and clothing, the current standard guarantees people's needs for adequate calories and protein for good health, that is, they will not only have food to eat, but also eat properly.

The "three guarantees" will help enhance the rural population's ability to offset risks and develop, and will create conditions for steadily resolving their problems of food and clothing.

Access to compulsory education means that children will not drop out of school because of inadequate family finances; access to basic medical services means that all impoverished people will be covered by medical insurance, that they can afford to see a doctor in the case of common and chronic diseases, and that their lives will not deteriorate severely should they suffer serious or critical diseases; access to safe housing means that disadvantaged people will no longer live in sub-standard houses. Rural residents will also be guaranteed access to safe drinking water.

The "two assurances and three guarantees" are of great significance to individuals in the long run. If these are met, it indicates that a sound mechanism for stable poverty elimination is in place.