現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口實(shí)現(xiàn)脫貧

2015年發(fā)布的《中共中央 國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)的決定》明確提出脫貧攻堅(jiān)總體目標(biāo)：到2020年，穩(wěn)定實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)村貧困人口不愁吃、不愁穿，義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療和住房安全有保障；確保中國(guó)現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)下農(nóng)村貧困人口全部脫貧，消除絕對(duì)貧困；確保貧困縣全部摘帽，解決區(qū)域性整體貧困。

現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是指結(jié)合“三保障”措施制定的穩(wěn)定溫飽標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。在“三保障”的前提下，現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)包括的食物支出比重（即恩格爾系數(shù)）為53.5%，按農(nóng)產(chǎn)品出售和購(gòu)買綜合平均價(jià)，在農(nóng)村地區(qū)每人每天消費(fèi)1斤米面、1斤蔬菜和1兩肉或1個(gè)雞蛋。在此基礎(chǔ)上，現(xiàn)行標(biāo)準(zhǔn)還包括保障一定數(shù)量的非食品支出，滿足與健康生存同等重要的衣、住、用、行以及義務(wù)教育、基本醫(yī)療等需求，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)“不愁吃、不愁穿”的穩(wěn)定溫飽要求。扶貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)每年按農(nóng)村貧困人口面對(duì)的物價(jià)指數(shù)更新。

打贏脫貧攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)，有著明確的時(shí)間節(jié)點(diǎn)和攻堅(jiān)目標(biāo)。在實(shí)踐中，要堅(jiān)持現(xiàn)行脫貧標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，既不拔高，也不降低。

Eliminating Poverty Among Rural People Living Below the Current Poverty Line

According to the Decision on Winning the Battle Against Poverty, promulgated in 2015, the overall goals set by the central leadership for poverty elimination are: by 2020, the rural poor will have adequate food and clothing and access to compulsory education, basic medical services and safe housing; all rural poor population (defined as those living below current poverty line) will be lifted out of poverty and absolute poverty be eradicated; all impoverished counties will be free of poverty, and overall regional poverty will have been eliminated.

The current poverty line is a standard set to meet the people's basic needs of food and clothing. Specifically, the Engel's Coefficient (the proportion of income spent on food) of the poor population is 53.5 percent, and each rural resident has 500 grams of rice or flour, 500 grams of vegetables, and 50 grams of meat or one egg per day. A certain amount of non-food expenditure is also guaranteed to meet people's needs for clothing, housing, daily expenses, travel, compulsory education and basic medical services. The standard will be updated based on the yearly price index affecting the rural poor.

China has a clear timetable and realistic goals for its battle against poverty. The current standard will neither be raised nor lowered.