政府工作報(bào)告簡寫本：2017年工作總體部署
The Chinese Government Agenda 2017

: 0 Comment(s)打印 E-mail China.org.cn　2017-03-24

調(diào)整字號大小:

2017年工作總體部署	The Chinese Government Agenda 2017
（本刊根據(jù)李克強(qiáng)總理3月5日在十二屆全國人大五次會(huì)議上所做《政府工作報(bào)告》整理）	The Government Work Report Premier Li Keqiang delivered at the Fifth Session of the 12th National People's Congress on March 5 explains the goals and priorities of the government in 2017. An excerpt of the document follows:
工作目標(biāo)：	Goals
今年發(fā)展的主要預(yù)期目標(biāo)是：國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值增長6.5%左右，在實(shí)際工作中爭取更好結(jié)果；居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格漲幅3%左右；城鎮(zhèn)新增就業(yè)1100萬人以上，城鎮(zhèn)登記失業(yè)率4.5%以內(nèi)；進(jìn)出口回穩(wěn)向好，國際收支基本平衡；居民收入和經(jīng)濟(jì)增長基本同步；單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放量繼續(xù)下降。	Key projected targets for development: ? GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice ? CPI increase kept at around 3 percent ? Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent ? A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic balance in international payments ? Increase in personal income basically in step with economic growth ? A reduction of at least 3.4 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants
繼續(xù)實(shí)施積極的財(cái)政政策和穩(wěn)健的貨幣政策。赤字率擬按3%安排，財(cái)政赤字2.38萬億元，比去年增加2000億元。其中，中央財(cái)政赤字1.55萬億元，地方財(cái)政赤字8300億元。廣義貨幣M2和社會(huì)融資規(guī)模余額預(yù)期增長均為12%左右。	The government will be continuing to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. This year's deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected to be 3 percent, with the fiscal deficit set at 2.38 trillion yuan ($345 billion), representing a year-on-year increase of 200 billion yuan ($29 billion). The projected deficit of the Central Government is 1.55 trillion yuan ($225 billion), and the projected deficit of local governments is 830 billion yuan ($120 billion). The M2 money supply and aggregate financing are forecasted to grow by around 12 percent in 2017.
工作要求：	Guidelines
做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下幾點(diǎn)：	The government intends to:
一是貫徹穩(wěn)中求進(jìn)工作總基調(diào)，保持戰(zhàn)略定力。	? Make progress while maintaining stable performance and keep its strategic focus.
二是堅(jiān)持以推進(jìn)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革為主線。	? Focus on supply-side structural reform.
三是適度擴(kuò)大總需求并提高有效性。	? Expand aggregate demand as appropriate and improve its efficacy.
四是依靠創(chuàng)新推動(dòng)新舊動(dòng)能轉(zhuǎn)換和結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級。	? Rely on innovation to replace old growth drivers with new ones and speed up structural improvement and upgrading.
五是著力解決人民群眾普遍關(guān)心的突出問題。	? Solve prominent problems of public concern.
重點(diǎn)工作任務(wù)：	Priorities The government is aiming to:
（一）用改革的辦法深入推進(jìn)“三去一降一補(bǔ)”。	1. Push ahead with the five priority tasks through reform.
主要包括：扎實(shí)有效去產(chǎn)能。今年要再壓減鋼鐵產(chǎn)能5000萬噸左右，退出煤炭產(chǎn)能1.5億噸以上。同時(shí)，要淘汰、停建、緩建煤電產(chǎn)能5000萬千瓦以上；	Solid and effective steps will be taken to cut overcapacity. This year, the government will further reduce steel production capacity by around 50 million metric tons and shut down at least 150 million metric tons of coal production facilities. It will also suspend, postpone construction of, or eliminate at least 50 million kilowatts of coal-fired power generation capacity.
因城施策去庫存。支持居民自住和進(jìn)城人員購房需求。堅(jiān)持住房的居住屬性；	Targeted policies will be made to cut excess urban real estate inventory. The government will support both local and new residents in buying homes for personal use. It should be made clear that housing is for people to live in instead of reap investment returns.
積極穩(wěn)妥去杠桿。要在控制總杠桿率的前提下，把降低企業(yè)杠桿率作為重中之重；	Deleveraging should be nurtured in an active and prudent way. While working to control overall leverage, the leverage of enterprises should be brought down.
多措并舉降成本。取消或停征中央涉企行政事業(yè)性收費(fèi)35項(xiàng)，收費(fèi)項(xiàng)目再減少一半以上，保留的項(xiàng)目要盡可能降低收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。減少政府定價(jià)的涉企經(jīng)營性收費(fèi)，繼續(xù)適當(dāng)降低“五險(xiǎn)一金”有關(guān)繳費(fèi)比例；	Multiple measures will be undertaken to cut costs. The government will abolish or suspend 35 administrative charges paid by enterprises to the Central Government, which represents more than a 50-percent reduction in the number. It then plans to reduce as far as possible those that still apply. Government-set operating fees for businesses will be reduced, and the government will continue to lower as appropriate the share paid by enterprises for contributions to social security.
精準(zhǔn)加力補(bǔ)短板。今年再減少農(nóng)村貧困人口1000萬以上，完成易地扶貧搬遷340萬人。中央財(cái)政專項(xiàng)扶貧資金增長30%以上。	Lastly, this involves taking targeted and powerful measures to strengthen areas of weakness. This year the government will further reduce the number of rural residents living in poverty by over 10 million, including 3.4 million to be relocated from inhospitable areas. Central Government funding for poverty alleviation will be increased by over 30 percent.
（二）深化重要領(lǐng)域和關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)改革。	2. Deepen reform in major sectors and key links
主要包括：持續(xù)推進(jìn)政府職能轉(zhuǎn)變。全面實(shí)行清單管理制度，制定國務(wù)院部門權(quán)力和責(zé)任清單，擴(kuò)大市場準(zhǔn)入負(fù)面清單試點(diǎn)；	The government will continue to develop and transform its basic functions. The government will fully implement the list-based management system, formulate lists of powers and responsibilities of the departments under the State Council, and expand the piloting of granting market access based on a negative list.
繼續(xù)推進(jìn)財(cái)稅體制改革。簡化增值稅稅率結(jié)構(gòu)，今年由四檔稅率簡并至三檔，深入推進(jìn)政府預(yù)決算公開；	Fiscal and tax systems will be continually reformed. The government will simplify the structure of value-added tax rates, and turn the four tax brackets into three. It will step up efforts to make government budgets and final accounts more transparent.
抓好金融體制改革。促進(jìn)金融機(jī)構(gòu)突出主業(yè)、下沉重心，增強(qiáng)服務(wù)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)能力，防止脫實(shí)向虛；	Another focus is advancing reforms in the financial sector. The government will prompt financial institutions to focus on their main business and make their services accessible to small and micro businesses, strengthen their ability to serve the wider economy, and stop them being distracted from their intended purpose.
加快推進(jìn)國企國資改革。今年要基本完成公司制改革。深化混合所有制改革，在電力、石油、天然氣、鐵路、民航、電信、軍工等領(lǐng)域邁出實(shí)質(zhì)性步伐；	The government will speed up reform of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) and state capital. It will basically complete the introduction of corporate systems into SOEs. It will deepen reform to establish mixed ownership systems, and make substantive progress in industries such as electric power, petroleum, natural gas, railways, civil aviation, telecommunications, and defense.
更好激發(fā)非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)活力。深入落實(shí)支持非公有制經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的政策措施。加快構(gòu)建新型政商關(guān)系。鼓勵(lì)非公有制企業(yè)參與國有企業(yè)改革；	The energization of the non-public sector is another focus. The government will thoroughly implement the policies and measures for supporting the development of the non-public sector. It intends to quickly develop a new relationship between government and businesses. It will encourage non-public enterprises to participate in SOE reforms.
加強(qiáng)產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)制度建設(shè)。依法保障各種所有制經(jīng)濟(jì)組織和公民財(cái)產(chǎn)權(quán)，對于侵害企業(yè)產(chǎn)權(quán)的行為，必須嚴(yán)肅查處、有錯(cuò)必糾；	The property rights protection system will be improved. The government will protect in accordance with law the property rights of economic entities under all forms of ownership and the property rights of citizens. Activities that infringe on the property rights of businesses must be investigated and dealt with severely.
大力推進(jìn)社會(huì)體制改革。深化收入分配制度配套改革。穩(wěn)步推動(dòng)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度改革，劃轉(zhuǎn)部分國有資本充實(shí)社?；稹Ｉ罨t(yī)療、醫(yī)保、醫(yī)藥聯(lián)動(dòng)改革。深入推進(jìn)教育、文化和事業(yè)單位等改革；	It will progress in its reform of the social system. The government will deepen reforms in support of change in the income distribution system. It will take steady steps to advance reform of the old-age insurance system, and allocate a portion of state capital to enlarge social security funds. It will deepen the coordinated reform of medical services, health insurance, and the medicine industry. It will continue reforms in education, the cultural sector, and public institutions to actualize society's vast potential for growth.
深化生態(tài)文明體制改革。完善主體功能區(qū)制度和生態(tài)補(bǔ)償機(jī)制，建立資源環(huán)境監(jiān)測預(yù)警機(jī)制，開展健全國家自然資源資產(chǎn)管理體制試點(diǎn)，出臺(tái)國家公園體制總體方案。	The government aims to develop institutional reform, thereby building a sound ecological environment. The government will improve the functional zoning system and the mechanisms for compensating for ecological conservation efforts; it will put in place resource and environment monitoring and early-warning mechanisms. Also, it will launch trials to improve the state natural resource assets management system. It will introduce an overall plan for establishing a national parks system.
（三）進(jìn)一步釋放國內(nèi)需求潛力。	3. Do more to unleash the potential of domestic demand
主要包括：促進(jìn)消費(fèi)穩(wěn)定增長。一要加快發(fā)展服務(wù)消費(fèi)。二要增加高品質(zhì)產(chǎn)品消費(fèi)。三要整頓和規(guī)范市場秩序；	The government is intent on promoting a steady increase in consumer spending. Firstly, the government needs to speed up the development of service consumption. Secondly, it needs to boost consumption of quality products. Thirdly, it needs to ensure order in the market.
積極擴(kuò)大有效投資。今年要完成鐵路建設(shè)投資8000億元、公路水運(yùn)投資1.8萬億元，再開工15項(xiàng)重大水利工程，繼續(xù)加強(qiáng)軌道交通、民用航空、電信基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施等重大項(xiàng)目建設(shè)。中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資安排5076億元；	Expanding effective investment is another priority. The government will invest 800 billion yuan ($116 billion) in railway construction and 1.8 trillion yuan ($261 billion) in highway and waterway projects. Construction on another 15 major water conservancy projects will begin, and work will be quickly performed on major rail transport, civil aviation, and telecommunications infrastructure projects. A total of 507.6 billion yuan ($73.6 billion) of investment has been included in the Central Government budget this year.
優(yōu)化區(qū)域發(fā)展格局。推動(dòng)國家級新區(qū)、開發(fā)區(qū)、產(chǎn)業(yè)園區(qū)等創(chuàng)新發(fā)展。支持資源枯竭、生態(tài)嚴(yán)重退化等地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展。優(yōu)化空域資源配置。推進(jìn)海洋經(jīng)濟(jì)示范區(qū)建設(shè)；	The planning for regional development will be improved. The government will boost the development of national-level new areas, development zones, and industrial parks through innovation. It will support the economic transformation and development of areas hurt by resource depletion and severe ecological degradation. Airspace resources will be better allocated. It will speed up the development of maritime economy demonstration zones.
扎實(shí)推進(jìn)新型城鎮(zhèn)化。今年實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)城落戶1300萬人以上。	The government will take solid steps to pursue a new type of urbanization. At least 13 million new urban residents will be registered as permanent urban residents.
（四）以創(chuàng)新引領(lǐng)實(shí)體經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型升級。	4. Transform and upgrade the real economy through innovation
主要包括：提升科技創(chuàng)新能力；	The government will strengthen the capacity for making technological innovations.
加快培育壯大新興產(chǎn)業(yè)。年內(nèi)全部取消手機(jī)國內(nèi)長途和漫游費(fèi)；	It will accelerate the development of emerging industries. Mobile rates for domestic roaming and long-distance calls will be cancelled.
大力改造提升傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)。深入實(shí)施《中國制造2025》；	The government will endeavor to transform and upgrade traditional industries. It will intensify efforts to implement the Made in China 2025 initiative.
持續(xù)推進(jìn)大眾創(chuàng)業(yè)、萬眾創(chuàng)新；	It will continue to encourage people to start businesses and make innovations.
全面提升質(zhì)量水平。	It will take comprehensive steps to improve product quality.
（五）促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展和農(nóng)民持續(xù)增收。	5. Promote steady development of agriculture and continued increases in rural incomes
主要包括：推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整。擴(kuò)大優(yōu)質(zhì)水稻、小麥生產(chǎn)，適度調(diào)減玉米種植面積；	Structural adjustment in agriculture will be further developed. The government will increase the supply of quality rice and wheat, and make appropriate reductions to the amount of land devoted to growing corn. It will expand trials to replace grain crop with feed crop cultivation to cover over 667,000 hectares.
加強(qiáng)現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)建設(shè)。新增高效節(jié)水灌溉面積2000萬畝。在13個(gè)糧食主產(chǎn)省選擇部分縣市，對適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營農(nóng)戶實(shí)施大災(zāi)保險(xiǎn)；	Boosting the development of modern agriculture is another priority. The government will add 1.33 million hectares of farmland under highly water-efficient irrigation. In selected counties and county-level cities in 13 major grain-producing provinces, it will provide catastrophe insurance for farmers engaging in appropriately scaled farming operations.
深化農(nóng)村改革。穩(wěn)步推進(jìn)農(nóng)村集體產(chǎn)權(quán)制度改革。鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民工返鄉(xiāng)創(chuàng)業(yè)等；	Rural reforms will continue to be improved. The government will take steady steps to reform the rural collective property rights system. It will support migrant workers in starting businesses in their hometowns and villages.
加強(qiáng)農(nóng)村公共設(shè)施建設(shè)。新建改建農(nóng)村公路20萬公里。完成3萬個(gè)行政村通光纖。	The government will step up the development of public facilities in rural areas. A total of 200,000 km of roads will be upgraded or built in rural areas. Fiber-optic broadband will be extended to 30,000 administrative villages to increase the availability of the Internet.
（六）積極主動(dòng)擴(kuò)大對外開放。	6. Actively expand China's role on the global stage
主要包括：扎實(shí)推進(jìn)“一帶一路”建設(shè)。高質(zhì)量辦好“一帶一路”國際合作高峰論壇；	The government will make solid efforts to pursue the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st-Century Maritime Silk Road Initiative. It will see that in holding the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation it offers an effective meeting.
促進(jìn)外貿(mào)繼續(xù)回穩(wěn)向好；	It will ensure that foreign trade continues to pick up and register steady growth.
大力優(yōu)化外商投資環(huán)境；	The government is making big moves to improve the environment for foreign investors.
推進(jìn)國際貿(mào)易和投資自由化便利化。	It will promote the liberalization and facilitation of international trade and investment.
（七）加大生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù)治理力度。	7. Effectively strengthen environmental protection
主要包括：堅(jiān)決打好藍(lán)天保衛(wèi)戰(zhàn)。今年二氧化硫、氮氧化物排放量要分別下降3%，重點(diǎn)地區(qū)細(xì)顆粒物（PM2.5）濃度明顯下降；	The government will make China's skies blue again. It will see that sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are both cut by 3 percent and that PM2.5 -- particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 micrometers or less -- density in key areas falls markedly.
強(qiáng)化水、土壤污染防治。今年化學(xué)需氧量、氨氮排放量要分別下降2%；	The government will strengthen the prevention and control of water and soil pollution. It intends for chemical oxygen demand and ammonia nitrogen emissions to both drop by 2 percent.
推進(jìn)生態(tài)保護(hù)和建設(shè)。完成退耕還林還草1200萬畝以上。	The government will move forward with ecological conservation and improvement. More than 800,000 hectares of marginal farmland will be turned into forests or grassland.
（八）推進(jìn)以保障和改善民生為重點(diǎn)的社會(huì)建設(shè)。	8. Promote social development to ensure and improve the wellbeing of the people
主要包括：大力促進(jìn)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)；	The government strives to boost employment and business startups.
辦好公平優(yōu)質(zhì)教育。制定實(shí)施《中國教育現(xiàn)代化2030》；	It will work to ensure that the people have access to equitable and quality education. The Modernizing Chinese Education 2030 initiative will be developed and launched.
推進(jìn)健康中國建設(shè)。城鄉(xiāng)居民醫(yī)保財(cái)政補(bǔ)助由每人每年420元提高到450元，分級診療試點(diǎn)和家庭簽約服務(wù)擴(kuò)大到85%以上地市；	Continued progress in building a Healthy China is another key priority. The government will increase subsidies for basic health insurance for rural and nonworking urban residents from 420 ($61) to 450 yuan ($65) per person per annum. It plans to extend trials to use a tiered diagnosis and treatment model and a contracted family doctor service system to cover over 85 percent of prefectural-level cities in China.
織密扎牢民生保障網(wǎng)；	It will weave a strong safety net to ensure people's wellbeing.
發(fā)展文化事業(yè)和文化產(chǎn)業(yè)；	It will develop cultural programs and industries.
推動(dòng)社會(huì)治理創(chuàng)新；	It will create new forms of social governance.
抓好安全生產(chǎn)。	It will promote workplace safety.
（九）全面加強(qiáng)政府自身建設(shè)。	9. Strengthen the all-around improvement of government
主要包括：堅(jiān)持依法全面履職；	The government will continue to work to see that government functions are fully carried out in accordance with law.
始終保持廉潔本色；	It will always maintain flawless ethical conduct and moral integrity.
勤勉盡責(zé)干事創(chuàng)業(yè)。	It will work with a strong work ethic, sense of responsibility, and enterprising spirit.
其他工作	Other issues The government also mentioned its intentions of:
依法管理宗教事務(wù)，促進(jìn)宗教關(guān)系和諧。	? Managing religious affairs in accordance with law, and promoting harmonious relations between religions.
認(rèn)真落實(shí)僑務(wù)政策。	? Implementing government policies related to overseas Chinese nationals.
持續(xù)深化國防和軍隊(duì)改革。	? Continuing to deepen reforms in national defense and the armed forces.
繼續(xù)全面準(zhǔn)確貫徹“一國兩制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治的方針，確?！耙粐鴥芍啤痹谙愀?、澳門實(shí)踐不動(dòng)搖、不走樣、不變形。	? Continuing to implement, both to the letter and in spirit, the principle of "one country, two systems," under which the people of Hong Kong govern Hong Kong, the people of Macao govern Macao, and both regions enjoy a high degree of autonomy. The government will ensure that the principle of "one country, two systems" is steadfastly applied in Hong Kong and Macao without being bent or distorted.
深入貫徹對臺(tái)工作大政方針，堅(jiān)持一個(gè)中國原則，維護(hù)“九二共識”共同政治基礎(chǔ)，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和領(lǐng)土完整，維護(hù)兩岸關(guān)系和平發(fā)展和臺(tái)海和平穩(wěn)定。	? Implementing the policies on work related to Taiwan, upholding the one-China principle, and safeguarding the 1992 Consensus as the common political foundation. The government will protect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity, maintain the peaceful growth of cross-Straits relations, and safeguard peace and stability in the Taiwan Straits.
堅(jiān)定不移走和平發(fā)展道路。	? Keeping to the path of peaceful development.
	(A JOINT TRANSLATION PROJECT BY BEIJING REVIEW & KING'S COLLEGE, LONDON)