《中國的核應急》白皮書
White Paper: China's Nuclear Emergency Preparedness
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調(diào)整字號大小: 
| 四、核應急能力建設(shè)與保持 | IV. Building and Maintenance of Nuclear Emergency Capabilities |
| 中國堅持積極兼容、資源整合、專業(yè)配套、軍民融合的思路，建設(shè)并保持與核能事業(yè)安全高效發(fā)展相適應的國家核應急能力，形成有效應對核事故的國家核應急能力體系。 | Sticking to the guidelines of versatile compatibility, resource integration, interdisciplinary support, and integration of military and civilian capabilities, China builds and maintains national nuclear emergency capabilities commensurate with the safe and efficient development of nuclear energy, and forms a fully-fledged national system of nuclear emergency response capabilities. |
| 國家建立全國統(tǒng)一的核應急能力體系，部署軍隊和地方兩個工作系統(tǒng)，區(qū)分國家級、省級、核設(shè)施營運單位級三個能力層次，推進核應急領(lǐng)域的各種力量建設(shè)。 | At the national level, a unified nuclear emergency response capabilities system is in place to coordinate military and local systems whereby three distinct tiers of capabilities are maintained, viz. national, provincial and nuclear installation operator levels, with a view to pushing forward with the building of various capabilities related to nuclear emergency response. |
| 建設(shè)國家核應急專業(yè)技術(shù)支持中心。建設(shè)輻射監(jiān)測、輻射防護、航空監(jiān)測、醫(yī)學救援、海洋輻射監(jiān)測、氣象監(jiān)測預報、輔助決策、響應行動等8類國家級核應急專業(yè)技術(shù)支持中心以及3個國家級核應急培訓基地，基本形成專業(yè)齊全、功能完備、支撐有效的核應急技術(shù)支持和培訓體系。 | Building national nuclear emergency response professional technical support centers. China has built eight types of national-level nuclear emergency technical support centers, i.e., radiation monitoring, radiation prevention, aviation monitoring, medical rescue, marine radiation monitoring, meteorological monitoring and forecasting, decision-making aid, and response action, along with three national-level nuclear emergency response training bases, thereby essentially forming an integrated emergency technical support and training system featuring a full array of disciplines and functions, and effective support. |
| 建設(shè)國家級核應急救援力量。經(jīng)過多年努力，中國形成了規(guī)模適度、功能銜接、布局合理的核應急救援專業(yè)力量體系。適應核電站建設(shè)布局需要，按照區(qū)域部署、模塊設(shè)置、專業(yè)配套原則，組建30余支國家級專業(yè)救援分隊，承擔核事故應急處置各類專業(yè)救援任務。軍隊是國家級核應急救援力量的重要組成部分，擔負支援地方核事故應急的職責使命，近年來核應急力量建設(shè)成效顯著。為應對可能發(fā)生的嚴重核事故，依托現(xiàn)有能力基礎(chǔ)，中國將組建一支300余人的國家核應急救援隊，主要承擔復雜條件下重特大核事故突擊搶險和緊急處置任務，并參與國際核應急救援行動。 | Building national-level nuclear emergency rescue forces. Through efforts over many years, China has already built a specialized nuclear emergency rescue capability system that is of a proper scale, well-coordinated and of a rational layout. To cater to the needs of layout for the construction of nuclear power stations, on the principle of regional deployment, modular set-up and disciplinary integration, over 30 national-level professional rescue teams have been formed to specifically take charge of various kinds of specialized rescue missions. The military constitutes an important part of the national-level nuclear emergency rescue force, and fulfills the mission of aiding local nuclear accident emergency response actions, and, as such, has scored brilliant achievements in building up its nuclear emergency response capabilities. To cope with possible severe nuclear accidents and on the basis of the available capabilities, China is to form a national nuclear emergency rescue team composed of over 300 people to be mainly responsible for undertaking unexpected rescue missions in serious nuclear accident scenarios and emergency treatment tasks, and stand ready to take part in international nuclear emergency rescue operations. |
| 建設(shè)省級核應急力量。中國設(shè)立核電站的?。▍^(qū)、市）均建立了相應的核應急力量，包括核應急指揮中心、應急輻射監(jiān)測網(wǎng)、醫(yī)學救治網(wǎng)、氣象監(jiān)測網(wǎng)、洗消點、撤離道路、撤離人員安置點等，以及專業(yè)技術(shù)支持能力和救援分隊，基本滿足本區(qū)域核應急準備與響應需要。?。▍^(qū)、市）核應急指揮中心與本級行政區(qū)域內(nèi)核設(shè)施實現(xiàn)互聯(lián)互通。 | Building provincial-level nuclear emergency rescue forces. Nuclear emergency response forces have been established at the provincial (regional and municipal) levels in areas where nuclear power stations are sited, including nuclear emergency command centers, emergency radiation monitoring networks, medical treatment networks, meteorological monitoring networks, decontamination points, evacuation roads and shelters for evacuees, along with specialized technical support and rescue task forces, thereby basically meeting the nuclear emergency preparedness and response needs of the involved regions. Each provincial (regional and municipal) nuclear emergency command center is connected with the nuclear installation(s) within its jurisdiction. |
| 建設(shè)核設(shè)施營運單位核應急力量。按照國家要求，參照國際標準，中國各核設(shè)施營運單位均建立相關(guān)的核應急設(shè)施及力量，包括應急指揮中心、應急通訊設(shè)施、應急監(jiān)測和后果評價設(shè)施；配備應對處置緊急情況的應急電源等急需裝備、設(shè)備和儀器；組建輻射監(jiān)測、事故控制、去污洗消等場內(nèi)核應急救援隊伍。核設(shè)施營運單位所屬涉核集團之間建立核應急相互支援合作機制，形成核應急資源儲備和調(diào)配等支援能力，實現(xiàn)優(yōu)勢互補、相互協(xié)調(diào)。 | Building a nuclear emergency response force on the part of the operators of nuclear installations. In accordance with national requirements and following international standards, operators of nuclear installations in China have set up their own nuclear emergency response facilities and forces, including emergency command centers, emergency communication facilities, and emergency monitoring and consequence evaluation facilities. In addition, emergency facilities, equipment and instrumentation, such as emergency power supply, are in place. On-site rescue teams specializing in radiation monitoring, accident control, decontamination and cleansing have been established. Corporations controlling operators of the respective nuclear installations have set up a mutual support collaborative mechanism to form nuclear emergency response resource reserve and deployment assistance capabilities, thereby ensuring mutually complementary support and coordination. |
| 按照積極兼容原則，圍繞各自職責，中國各級政府有關(guān)部門依據(jù)《國家核應急預案》明確的任務，分別建立并加強可服務保障核應急的能力體系。 | In accordance with the principle of versatile compatibility and based on their respective duties and responsibilities, government departments at different levels in China have established and reinforced their respective capability systems to serve and safeguard nuclear emergency response activities commensurate with the tasks established under the National Nuclear Emergency Plan. |
| 按照國家、相關(guān)?。▍^(qū)、市）和各核設(shè)施營運單位制定的核應急預案，在國家核應急體制機制框架下，各級各類核應急力量統(tǒng)一調(diào)配、聯(lián)動使用，共同承擔核事故應急處置任務。 | In accordance with the nuclear emergency response plans worked out by the national and provincial (regional and municipal) authorities and the operators of nuclear installations and within the institutional framework of the national nuclear emergency response system, various levels and categories of nuclear emergency response forces ensure unified deployment and interactive mobilization to jointly undertake tasks associated with nuclear accident emergency situations. |
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