不斷深化中非衛(wèi)生合作 促進(jìn)人類健康事業(yè)發(fā)展

—在“中非部長級衛(wèi)生合作發(fā)展會議開幕式”上的主旨演講

中華人民共和國國務(wù)院副總理劉延?xùn)|

（2013年8月16日北京）

Deepen China-Africa Health Cooperation for the Humanity's Cause of Health Promotion

Keynote Speech by Her Excellency Liu Yandong, Vice Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, at the Opening Ceremony of the Ministerial Forum on China-Africa Health Cooperation

Beijing, 16 August 2013

尊敬的各位貴賓，

女士們、先生們、朋友們：

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,

大家上午好！很高興出席中非部長級衛(wèi)生合作發(fā)展會議，來自非洲47個(gè)國家衛(wèi)生部代表以及8個(gè)國際組織的代表相聚北京，共商中非衛(wèi)生合作大計(jì)，共同促進(jìn)人類健康事業(yè)。剛才，中國國家主席習(xí)近平親切會見了參加會議的非洲各國代表，接見了中國援外醫(yī)療工作先進(jìn)集體和先進(jìn)個(gè)人，并發(fā)表了重要講話。習(xí)近平主席的講話高度評價(jià)中非關(guān)系，進(jìn)一步表明了中國一貫奉行對非友好政策、永遠(yuǎn)做非洲國家可靠朋友和真誠伙伴的堅(jiān)定立場，并對中非合作特別是衛(wèi)生方面的合作提出了殷切希望。這必將推動(dòng)中非關(guān)系邁上一個(gè)新臺階。李克強(qiáng)總理也高度重視發(fā)展中非關(guān)系，多次對援非醫(yī)療工作提出要求。在此，我代表中國政府對出席本次會議的中外貴賓和朋友們，表示誠摯的歡迎！對長期以來為中非衛(wèi)生合作發(fā)展作出重要貢獻(xiàn)的各界人士，致以崇高的敬意和衷心的感謝！

Good morning. It gives me great pleasure to attend the Ministerial Forum on China-Africa Health Cooperation. The forum today, which brings together health ministry officials of 47 African countries and the representatives of eight international organizations, provides us with an important opportunity to discuss China-Africa health cooperation and the humanity's cause of health promotion. Just now, President Xi Jinping met with the African delegates to the forum and the model units and individuals of the Chinese medical teams. President Xi also delivered an important speech, in which he applauded the growth of China-Africa relations. He reaffirmed China's position of developing friendly relations with Africa and staying a reliable friend and sincere partner of African countries, and shared his vision for China-Africa cooperation, especially in the field of health. This will lay the foundation for China-Africa relations to scale new heights. Premier Li Keqiang also attaches great importance to China-Africa relations, and has given several instructions on China's medical assistance to Africa. Here, on behalf of the Chinese government, I would like to warmly welcome all the Chinese and foreign guests and friends to the forum. I also wish to take this opportunity to pay high tribute and express heartfelt thanks to those who have made important contribution to China-Africa health cooperation over the years.

中國有句古話：“水有源，其流不窮；木有根，其生不窮?！敝袊头侵揠m然相距遙遠(yuǎn)，但友誼源遠(yuǎn)流長，根深葉茂。毛澤東、周恩來等新中國第一代領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人和非洲老一輩政治家共同開啟了中非關(guān)系新紀(jì)元。中非人民在爭取民族獨(dú)立和人民解放斗爭中相互支持，在謀求國家振興、人民幸福和和維護(hù)世界和平的崇高事業(yè)中真誠合作，結(jié)下了同呼吸、共命運(yùn)、心連心的兄弟情誼。

There is an old saying in China which goes, "a river with fresh source will flourish and a tree with deep root will thrive." Though China and Africa are far apart geographically, we have a long-standing and vibrant friendship. Chairman Mao Zedong, Premier Zhou Enlai and other first-generation Chinese leaders ushered in a new era of China-Africa relations together with the older-generation political leaders in Africa. The Chinese and African peoples have extended mutual support in the struggle for national independence and liberation, carried out wholehearted cooperation in seeking national rejuvenation, ensuring the happiness of the people and upholding the noble cause of world peace, and forged a brotherly friendship of shared destiny and fortune.

進(jìn)入新世紀(jì)，中非合作揭開了新的篇章。2000年中非合作論壇的創(chuàng)立，構(gòu)建了中非集體對話的重要平臺和務(wù)實(shí)合作的有效機(jī)制，成為引領(lǐng)中非關(guān)系發(fā)展的旗幟和中非友好合作的響亮品牌。2006年中非合作論壇北京峰會建立的中非新型戰(zhàn)略伙伴關(guān)系，使中非關(guān)系邁上了全面發(fā)展的快車道。中非在政治上互尊互信，在經(jīng)濟(jì)上互利互惠，在文化上互學(xué)互鑒，在國際事務(wù)中互幫互助?，F(xiàn)在，中國已成為非洲第一大貿(mào)易伙伴國，非洲則是中國第四大海外投資目的地。

Since the turn of the century, China-Africa cooperation has entered a new phase. The launch of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) in 2000 provided an important platform for collective dialogue between China and Africa and an effective mechanism for conducting result-oriented cooperation. It has become a banner guiding the development of China-Africa relations and a flagship brand of China-Africa friendly cooperation. With the establishment of the new type of China-Africa strategic partnership during the FOCAC Beijing Summit in 2006, China-Africa relations have embarked on a fast track of all-around development. What we have between China and Africa is a comprehensive partnership, featuring mutual respect and trust on the political front, win-win cooperation in the economic field, mutual learning in the cultural sphere, as well as mutual support and assistance in global affairs. China is now the largest trading partner for Africa, while Africa is the fourth largest destination of overseas Chinese investment.

半個(gè)多世紀(jì)以來，中非關(guān)系經(jīng)受住了各種考驗(yàn)，各領(lǐng)域合作不斷深化，其中中非衛(wèi)生合作就是中非真誠友好關(guān)系最有力的歷史見證。地域有界，大愛無疆。50年來中國不間斷的累計(jì)向非洲派出1.89萬人次醫(yī)療人員，有2.5億人次的非洲患者接受了診治，其中中國有50位醫(yī)療人員把自己的寶貴生命留在了他們熱愛的非洲大地上。中國醫(yī)療工作者用為非洲同胞生命健康做出的無私奉獻(xiàn)，與關(guān)愛支持他們的非洲人民一起，共同播種下了中非友誼的常青樹。

China-Africa relations have stood the test of various challenges over the past 50 years and more. Our cooperation is gaining strength in all areas, and cooperation on health is the most convincing evidence of the genuine friendship between China and Africa. Countries are separated by boundaries, but love knows no border. For 50 straight years, China has dispatched a total of 18,900 medical personnel to Africa, and treated 250 million African patients. Fifty Chinese medical workers were laid to rest on their beloved land of Africa. The Chinese medical teams have made selfless contribution to improving the health and saving the lives of our African brothers and sisters, and, together with the African people who are giving them care and support, sowed the seeds of the evergreen tree of China-Africa friendship.

女士們，先生們！

發(fā)展衛(wèi)生事業(yè)，維護(hù)國民健康不僅是中非衛(wèi)生合作的奮斗目標(biāo)，也是國際社會的共同追求。聯(lián)合國《世界衛(wèi)生組織憲章》和《經(jīng)濟(jì)社會文化權(quán)利國際公約》都將健康定義為一項(xiàng)基本人權(quán)。聯(lián)合國“人類發(fā)展指數(shù)”將人均期望壽命、人均受教育年限和人均國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值三大指標(biāo)作為衡量各成員國經(jīng)濟(jì)社會全面發(fā)展水平的綜合尺度。2000年聯(lián)合國確定的千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)將健康指標(biāo)放在核心位置。近年來，圍繞改善國民健康的目標(biāo)，各國更加注重醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制創(chuàng)新和制度建設(shè)，并作為促進(jìn)社會安定和諧、增強(qiáng)民族凝聚力和社會制度吸引力、改善國際形象的國家戰(zhàn)略和基礎(chǔ)性制度。

Ladies and Gentlemen,

To develop better health services and ensure the health of our citizens is not only the goal to be achieved through China-Africa cooperation but also the common aspiration of the international community. Health is defined as a basic human right in both the Constitution of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights. The UN "Human Development Index" uses three key indicators, namely, life expectancy, years of schooling and per capita GDP, as the yardstick for measuring the progress of member states in economic and social development. The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) initiated by the UN in 2000 also places health-related indicators at the heart of its agenda. In recent years, to meet the goal of improving the health of the public, countries around the world have all paid more attention to making innovation in the medical and health system and strengthening institutional building, and regarded it as a fundamental national strategy for upholding social order and harmony, enhancing unity among ethnic groups, boosting the appeal of their social systems, and improving their national image in the international arena.

中國政府歷來高度重視國民健康和醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生事業(yè)發(fā)展。1949年中華人民共和國成立初期，克服貧困落后、缺醫(yī)少藥等巨大困難，迅速建立起遍及城鄉(xiāng)的預(yù)防保健網(wǎng)，有效控制了威脅國民健康的重大疾病；創(chuàng)建了以初級衛(wèi)生保健為核心的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)體系，大幅提高了國民健康水平。改革開放30多年來，中國政府立足國情，改革創(chuàng)新，加大對衛(wèi)生事業(yè)的投入力度，努力探索，不斷完善中國特色衛(wèi)生事業(yè)發(fā)展道路。特別是2009年中國政府深化醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生體制的改革，以“?；?、強(qiáng)基層、建機(jī)制”為原則，初步建立起中國基本醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生制度框架，為破解醫(yī)改這一世界性難題初步摸索出一套中國式的解決方法。60多年來，中國的衛(wèi)生事業(yè)由弱到強(qiáng)，取得了一系列重要成就：

The Chinese government all along attaches great importance to the health of the public and the development of medical and health services. Soon after the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, despite the great difficulties posed by poverty, backwardness and lack of medical professionals and products, we successfully established a health service network covering both urban and rural areas, and effectively controlled the spread of life-threatening diseases. In the meantime, we put in place a medical and health service system based on the provision of primary healthcare services, and markedly improved the health conditions of the Chinese public. In the last 30 years and more since the launch of reform and opening-up, the Chinese government has conducted reform and innovation consistent with China's national conditions, increased input in public health, and made vigorous efforts to promote the development of health services with Chinese characteristics. Since 2009 in particular, the Chinese government has deepened its reform of the medical and health system. Following the principles of "ensuring basic medical services, bolstering support at the community level and building sound institutions", we have established the framework of the basic medical and health system, and offered a Chinese solution to the issue of healthcare reform, which is a challenge for all governments in the world. Over the last 60 years and more, China has gradually raised the standards of its health services, and made a series of important achievements in this regard:

一是中國國民健康水平顯著提高。人均期望壽命從1949年建國時(shí)的35歲提高到目前的74.83歲，孕產(chǎn)婦死亡率從1949年的1500/10萬下降到2011年的26.1/10萬，嬰兒死亡率從1990年的50.2‰下降到2011年的12.1‰，提前實(shí)現(xiàn)了聯(lián)合國千年發(fā)展目標(biāo)，人類發(fā)展指數(shù)從1980年的0.407上升到2012年的0.699，居民的健康水平已處于發(fā)展中國家前列。

First, we have raised the health standards of the Chinese people by a notable margin. The average life expectancy has increased from 35 years in 1949, the year when New China was founded, to the current 74.83 years. Maternal mortality rate dropped from 1,500/100,000 in 1949 to 26.1/100,000 in 2011. Infant mortality rate fell from 50.2‰ in 1990 to 12.1‰ in 2011, meeting the MDGs ahead of schedule. Human development index rose from 0.407 in 1980 to 0.699 in 2012, making China one of the best-performing developing countries in terms of the health of the public.

二是基本公共衛(wèi)生服務(wù)均等化水平明顯提高。全民醫(yī)?；緦?shí)現(xiàn)，參保人數(shù)超過13億，覆蓋面超過了95%，保障水平不斷提高。在農(nóng)村將兒童白血病等20種重大疾病納入保障范圍，群眾的醫(yī)療負(fù)擔(dān)明顯減輕。同時(shí)建立了國家基本藥物制度。

Second, we have ensured greater equity in the provision of basic public health services. Universal coverage of medical insurance is basically achieved. Currently, there are more than 1.3 billion subscribers of various medical insurance schemes in China, covering over 95% of the total population. The benefits of insurance are also improving. In the rural areas, we have included 20 major diseases such as childhood leukemia into the insurance scheme, and the financial burden of the public for medical services is significantly alleviated. In the meantime, the national essential medicine system has also been established in China.