溫家寶在2012年夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇上的致辭（全文）
Full text: Wen's speech at Annual Meeting of the New Champions 2012
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| 9月11日，世界經(jīng)濟(jì)論壇2012年新領(lǐng)軍者年會(huì)（第六屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇）在天津梅江會(huì)展中心開(kāi)幕，中共中央政治局常委、國(guó)務(wù)院總理溫家寶出席開(kāi)幕式并致辭?！緢D片：新華社】 Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao on Tuesday delivered a speech at the opening ceremony of the sixth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, also known as the Summer Davos. |
| 奮力開(kāi)創(chuàng)中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)更加光明的未來(lái) | Towards a Brighter Future of the Chinese Economy |
| 尊敬的克勞斯·施瓦布主席， 女士們，先生們： |
Professor Klaus Schwab, Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, Ladies and Gentlemen, |
| 今天在這里與新老朋友相聚，我感到非常高興！首先對(duì)第六屆夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇的召開(kāi)表示熱烈祝賀！對(duì)各位嘉賓的到來(lái)表示誠(chéng)摯歡迎！ | I am delighted to meet you, friends old and new here today. Let me first express warm congratulations on the opening of the sixth Annual Meeting of the New Champions, or the Summer Davos, and extend a sincere welcome to all the distinguished guests present. |
| 夏季達(dá)沃斯論壇2007年在中國(guó)首次舉辦，迄今已經(jīng)走過(guò)六個(gè)年頭，成為具有廣泛國(guó)際影響力的世界性論壇。本次論壇以“塑造未來(lái)經(jīng)濟(jì)”為主題，反映了大家對(duì)推動(dòng)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)卓識(shí)，對(duì)開(kāi)創(chuàng)世界經(jīng)濟(jì)光明未來(lái)的迫切期待，具有很強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性和重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 | The Summer Davos Forum, inaugurated in China in 2007, has become a global forum with extensive influence. The theme of the forum for this year -- "Creating the Future Economy" is highly relevant and practical. It reflects your vision on sustainable development and meets the high expectation for a bright future of the world economy. |
| 中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)現(xiàn)了長(zhǎng)達(dá)30多年的快速發(fā)展。特別是過(guò)去十年，我們緊緊抓住和用好國(guó)家發(fā)展的重要戰(zhàn)略機(jī)遇期，奮力拼搏，開(kāi)拓進(jìn)取，經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)了新的歷史性跨越。2002年到2011年，國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值年均增長(zhǎng)10.7％，從世界第六位上升到第二位，人均國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值由1000多美元提高到5432美元，對(duì)外貿(mào)易總額由世界第六位上升到第二位，外匯儲(chǔ)備超過(guò)3萬(wàn)億美元；產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)，農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)進(jìn)一步鞏固，區(qū)域發(fā)展協(xié)調(diào)性明顯增強(qiáng)；各項(xiàng)社會(huì)事業(yè)全面發(fā)展，人民生活顯著改善。我們經(jīng)受住了許多災(zāi)害、困難和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的考驗(yàn)，特別是近五年，有效應(yīng)對(duì)國(guó)際金融危機(jī)的巨大沖擊，保持了經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。所有這一切都源于改革開(kāi)放的偉大力量和中華民族自強(qiáng)不息的偉大精神；源于推動(dòng)科學(xué)發(fā)展、構(gòu)建和諧社會(huì)的不懈探索和努力。這里我愿意向大家談?wù)勎覀兊囊恍┳龇ê腕w會(huì)。 | China has enjoyed fast economic development for over 30 years. During the past decade in particular, we firmly seized the strategic opportunities for development, made hard and pioneering efforts, and scored new historic achievements in economic and social development. From 2002 to 2011, China's GDP grew at an average annual rate of 10.7%, and moved up from the sixth to the second place in the world. Our per capita GDP rose from 1,000-plus U.S. dollars to 5,432 U.S. dollars. China's foreign trade volume also climbed from the sixth to the second place in the world, and foreign exchange reserves exceeded three trillion U.S. dollars. China's industrial structure was upgraded, its agricultural foundation was consolidated, and regional development became much more balanced. All-round progress was made in social programs and people's livelihood significantly improved. We have withstood the test of many disasters, difficulties and risks. In the recent five years in particular, we effectively tackled the huge impact of the international financial crisis and sustained steady and fast economic growth. We owe these achievements to the strength of reform and opening-up, the persevering spirit of the Chinese nation and our tireless efforts in exploring a path of scientific development and harmonious society. Here I wish to share with you what we did and what we have learned in this course of our endeavors. |
| ——堅(jiān)持加強(qiáng)和改善宏觀調(diào)控，著力促進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)平穩(wěn)較快發(fā)展。這十年，中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行的一個(gè)最突出特點(diǎn)，是經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)速度快、波動(dòng)幅度比較小。我們充分發(fā)揮市場(chǎng)在資源配置中的基礎(chǔ)性作用，科學(xué)運(yùn)用宏觀調(diào)控手段，及時(shí)糾正市場(chǎng)失靈，防止經(jīng)濟(jì)出現(xiàn)大的起落。特別是國(guó)際金融危機(jī)爆發(fā)后，我們把擴(kuò)大國(guó)內(nèi)需求和穩(wěn)定外需結(jié)合起來(lái)，把增加投資和刺激消費(fèi)結(jié)合起來(lái)，把調(diào)整振興產(chǎn)業(yè)和推動(dòng)科技創(chuàng)新結(jié)合起來(lái)，把拉動(dòng)經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)和保障改善民生結(jié)合起來(lái)，把克服當(dāng)前困難和促進(jìn)長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展結(jié)合起來(lái)，全面實(shí)施一攬子計(jì)劃，在世界率先實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟(jì)回升向好，也為全球經(jīng)濟(jì)走向復(fù)蘇發(fā)揮了至關(guān)重要的作用。對(duì)于我們應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)的一攬子計(jì)劃，有人不顧事實(shí)地歪曲和指責(zé)，甚至說(shuō)是不必要的代價(jià)。我想鄭重地說(shuō)明，正是因?yàn)楫?dāng)時(shí)的果斷決策和科學(xué)應(yīng)對(duì)，我們才避免了企業(yè)倒閉、工人失業(yè)、農(nóng)民返鄉(xiāng)，繼續(xù)保持了中國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的好勢(shì)頭，維護(hù)了社會(huì)和諧穩(wěn)定，防止了現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程出現(xiàn)大的波折。這些年，社會(huì)財(cái)富不斷增加，資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量不斷提高，抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力不斷增強(qiáng)。2009年至2011年底，我國(guó)城鎮(zhèn)保障房開(kāi)工建設(shè)2100多萬(wàn)套，基本建成1100萬(wàn)套；新增鐵路營(yíng)業(yè)里程1.35萬(wàn)公里，新增公路里程37.6萬(wàn)公里，其中高速公路2.46萬(wàn)公里；城市軌道交通、農(nóng)村電網(wǎng)線路等基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施明顯改善，完成了7000多座大中型和重點(diǎn)小型水庫(kù)除險(xiǎn)加固；解決了大量農(nóng)村人口飲水安全問(wèn)題；建成一大批基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生教育文化服務(wù)設(shè)施；一個(gè)新的汶川拔地而起，災(zāi)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展實(shí)現(xiàn)了整體性跨越。同時(shí)，我們比較好地控制了財(cái)政金融風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。2011年財(cái)政赤字和國(guó)債余額占國(guó)內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值的比重分別為1.8％和15.28％，低于2002年的2.57％和16.07％；銀行業(yè)金融機(jī)構(gòu)不良貸款率從2003年底的15.2％下降到2011年底的1.8％；我們摸清了地方政府性債務(wù)情況，這兩年，地方政府性債務(wù)規(guī)?？傮w穩(wěn)定，風(fēng)險(xiǎn)總體可控。 | -- We enhanced macro-regulation to promote steady and fast economic growth. Fast growth and low fluctuation was the most salient feature China's economic performance in the past decade. We gave full play to the basic role of the market in resource allocation, exercised macro-regulation in a scientific way, acted quickly to correct market failures and prevented major fluctuations in the economy. After the international financial crisis broke out, we fully implemented a package plan, making parallel efforts in expanding domestic demand and stabilizing external demand, increasing investment and stimulating consumption, reinvigorating industries and promoting technological innovation, boosting economic growth and improving people's livelihood, and overcoming current difficulties and pursuing long-term development. Thanks to these efforts, China was among the first to achieve an economic upturn and what we did was also vital in promoting world economic recovery. Some people made accusations about China's package plan in disregard of facts and they even said that we paid an undue price in this process. I want to make it clear here that it was exactly due to our resolute decision and scientific response that China was able to avoid factory closures, job losses and return of migrant workers to their home villages. These stimulus measures helped us keep the good momentum of economic development, maintain social stability and harmony and protect China's modernization process from major setbacks. Over the past several years, social wealth has increased, asset quality has improved and our capacity to resist risks has enhanced. From 2009 to the end of 2011, we began construction of 21 million units of low-income urban housing, among which 11 million units have been basically completed. The operational mileage of railways increased by 13,500 kilometers. The mileage of highways was extended by 376,000 kilometers, including the 24,600 kilometers of expressways. Infrastructural facilities such as urban rail transport and rural power grid were significantly improved. Over 7,000 large- and medium-sized and key small aging reservoirs were reinforced. We extended access to potable water to many more rural people. A large number of community facilities providing medical, health, education and cultural services were established. A new Wenchuan was built and all-round progress was made in economic and social development of the disaster-stricken areas. Meanwhile, we had fiscal and financial risks under control. Our budget deficit and outstanding government debt in 2011 were 1.8% and 15.28% of the GDP, both lower than their 2002 levels of 2.57% and 16.07%. The ratio of non-performing loans in the banking sector went down from 15.2% at the end of 2003 to 1.8% in 2011. We obtained a true picture of local government debts. The scale of local government debts in the past two years was on the whole stable and risks were basically under control. |
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