Premier Wen Jiabao promised the investigation into Saturday's fatal train crash will offer a result that can "stand the test of history".
Wen made the remarks while speaking to press at the site of the deadly train crash near Wenzhou of eastern Zhejiang Province.
The State Council has set up an independent investigation panel, which includes authorities from the security, supervision and judiciary departments, Wen said.
He said the investigation will be "open, transparent" and "under public supervision."
"We shall carefully listen to public opinions and reach a responsible result," Wen said.
At least 39 people died and 192 others were injured in Saturday's high-speed train crash near the city of Wenzhou.